Types of Reasoning
There are 3 main types of reasoning: Deductive, Inductive and Abductive.
Deductive Reasoning uses existing facts and logic to create a new perfect fact. We use this in Mathematics.
Example: An hour has 60 minutes. I did 60 minutes of walking. So I did one hour of walking.
Example: A hexagon is a flat shape with 6 straight sides. This flat shape has 6 straight sides. So this shape is a hexagon.
The result is certain to be true. Just what we love in mathematics.
Inductive Reasoning uses observations to create general rules that are likely to be true. This reasoning is used a lot in Science.
Example: All rabbits we watched returned home to burrows. So (as far as we know) rabbits live in burrows.
Example: A study showed that students who didn't practice also get low exam scores. So it appears that practice is important to passing exams.
It gives us a good understanding of the world around us, and helps us master many things.
It is correct as far as we know, and can be improved when new facts come along.
Example: Europeans believed all swans were white, until explorers discovered Black Swans in Australia!
Abductive Reasoning uses observations to reach the most likely conclusions. This reasoning is used a lot in everyday life.
Example: there are many lovely flowers in Sam's garden, so we think Sam is a good gardener.
Example: Alex is very healthy, so Alex probably has a good diet.
Example: Billy is tall and athletic, so is likely a basketball player.
This reasoning can help us make quick decisions in life. For example if we want gardening advice we can ask Sam.
Sherlock Holmes uses this type of reasoning!
But be careful not to be prejudiced. Always keep an open mind.
Conclusion
Reasoning is a powerful tool that helps us explore and understand.
You don't have to remember the names, but it is good to know about the different types of reasoning and what they are good for.
There's always more to learn, and keeping an open mind is key.
Happy reasoning!